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Presidents have called in National Guard troops for domestic missions at least ten times since World War II, starting in 1794, when Western Pennsylvanians’ protests on federal liquor taxes prompted Secretary of War Henry Knox to ask governors of Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania for troops. The Trump administration’s dispatch of troops to the Democratic cities of Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and Memphis have, for now, been stopped by lawsuits over sending Guard soldiers there, as well as to Chicago, Portland, California, and Illinois. Multiple federal district and appellate courts halted, or ruled against, the plans. Now , the U.S. Supreme Court is weighing whether to respond to an emergency appeal asking for permission to deploy troops in Chicago. Trump may be using the “Insurrection Act” as a move to avoid these legal cases  slowing him down , suggests an article in the Christian Science Monitor .  The Western Pennsylvanians’ protests sent 12,950 soldiers to “suppress the insurrection and enforce the laws of the Union.” By the time the men reached Pittsburgh, the rebellion had subsided. Pres. Woodrow Wilson also called for domestic troops to quell Pancho Villa’s 1916 border raids. Circumstances prompting these “federalizations” have varied dramatically. In the 1930s, several states used National Guards to stop the New Deal’s National Industrial Recovery Act. In the 1950s and 1960s troops were called to Little Rock, Ark., initially to stop Black student enrollments; later, to stop riots when Black students did enroll. In 1962, James Meredith was refused enrollment in the University of Mississippi at Oxford. Then-Pres. Kennedy federalized the Mississippi National Guard, “should any be needed to preserve law and order while United States marshals carried out the orders of the court.” ICE protests have prompted Trump to call on the Guard, though as of June 2025 the Insurrection Act had not been passed. Enacted in 1807, the authorization, though vague, allows the president deploy, i.e., “federalize,” state National Guard units in states. Requirements include: response to a request by a state’s governing body; address an ‘insurrection’ in any state preventing federal law enforcement; address actions that deprive constitutional rights. Using the Insurrection authorization gets around the Posse Comitatus Act, a Civil War law that restricts the military from being used as law enforcement; the Insurrection Act allows the president to use the military for law enforcement. The military can be called up for, say, a disaster, but they are not law enforcement. They cannot arrest.  Callups can be a response to a request by a state’s governing body to address an insurrection preventing enforcement of a federal law, or action that “results in the deprivation of constitutional rights.” However, these definitions of “civil disorder, insurrection, or rebellion” are vague.  President Trump has threatened to invoke the act twice; first, during the 2020 George Floyd protests; in  2025,  ICE protests in Los Angeles. Both times he was convinced not to do so. “That is a use of the military that has never been part of the way we think about ourselves,” according to Harvard Kennedy School’s Juliette Kayyem. “ What we saw with the National Guard in D.C. illustrated this. An insurrection means state government can’t work; that’s the way it is defined in the Insurrection Act. And yet federal troops were deployed, and what did they do? They picked up trash. It is so expensive to deploy the military in this way. This expansive definition of an insurrection could extend to the mid-term elections, where this administration can deploy the military to cities simply to intimidate voting.”  There’s a reason why the U.S. Constitution’s structure divides civilian authorities and military authorities.  “We have a president who wants to use the military as an extension of law enforcement. That is a significant change. And we should be wary about this sort of casualness in which he disrupts that constitutional order.” On Saturday, Nov. 15, and again on Sunday, Nov. 16, federal border patrol agents in Charlotte arrested people in public spaces “while protesters marched, some businesses closed, and activists worked to document what was happening,” according to the Charlotte Observer . News accounts report that supermarkets and grocery stores carrying international foodstuffs have been a “frequent target of Border Patrol agents this weekend.” The Observer further reported , “Sunday, two men were arrested in the parking lot of Dany’s Supermarket off The Plaza after they tried using an ATM there, bystanders told the Observer. An Observer reporter saw agents arrest one of the men and put him in the back of a black Ford Expedition.” An editorial writer observed, “ With every smashed window, every sneer at due process, every federal agent’s smirk at those who are horrified by it all, Donald Trump continues to lose.”   Betty Joyce Nash reported for the Greensboro News & Record and the Hendersonville Times-News before moving to Virginia where she worked as an economics writer for the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. She co-edited Lock & Load: Armed Fiction , an anthology of literary short stories that probe Americans' complicated relationship to firearms. (University of New Mexico Press, 2017.)

On Thursday, Republican-led North Carolina lawmakers unveiled a new congressional district map that, if approved, would likely give the GOP 11 of the state’s 14 districts.   In a state with more Democrats than Republicans and more unaffiliated voters than either party, Republicans currently hold 10 of 14 Congressional seats thanks to a map that surgically carves up voters to give the advantage to the GOP. A fairer map, used in 2022, resulted in an even 7-7 split between the parties.   The new map could flip the 1st Congressional District in Republicans’ favor, ousting U.S. Rep. Don Davis , a moderate Democrat and one of only two Black members of Congress from North Carolina.   A number of ironies attends state Republicans’ announcement that they are caving to pressure from President Donald Trump to redraw districts to give their party an unfair advantage in the 2026 mid-term elections.   First, the action takes place just weeks after a poll of North Carolina voters found that 84 percent, including 87 percent of Democrats and 78 percent of Republicans, oppose gerrymandering for partisan reasons. These voters, surveyed by Opinion Diagnostics, a Republican-leaning polling firm, said redrawing voting maps for partisan advantage is “never acceptable” and districts should be drawn neutrally.   Second, North Carolina House Speaker Destin Hall had the audacity to blame California Gov. Gavin Newsom for the redistricting war instigated by President Trump and inaugurated when Texas gerrymandered its Congressional map to add five or six new GOP seats. California responded by creating a new map that would likely add five new Democratic seats if voters approve it in November.   “Our state won’t stand by while Democrats like Gavin Newsom redraw districts to aid in their efforts to obtain a majority in the U.S. House,” Hall said.   Say what? That is undoubtedly one of the most blatantly fanciful examples of self-serving reasoning by any North Carolina politician in recent history.   A third irony came when Senate leader Phil Berger said “President Trump delivered countless victories during his first term in office, and nine months into his second term he continues to achieve unprecedented wins. We are doing everything we can to protect President Trump’s agenda, which means safeguarding Republican control of Congress.”   If Trump is delivering such “wins,” why is there a need to “safeguard” Republican control of Congress. Why the need to rig the system even more? Won’t voters reward him if that’s the case?   North Carolina Democratic Party Chair Anderson Clayton stated it well when she said, “Let me be clear: maps should not give you power; voters should.”   In yet another irony, the state is already so heavily gerrymandered that the only district Republicans could target was the 1st, represented by Davis. As a result, the new map was produced in the same week the U.S. Supreme Court heard two cases out of Louisiana that may or may not overturn a section of the 1965 Voting Rights Act that outlaws racial gerrymandering.   The nation's Supreme Court, dominated by conservative justices, has ruled that partisan gerrymandering is outside its jurisdiction, meaning it’s up to individual states to determine whether to outlaw the practice. North Carolina’s Supreme Court, also dominated by conservative justices, has declined to do so, meaning the only bulwark against gerrymandering is the Voting Rights Act.   In June, a three-judge panel met in Winston-Salem to hear lawsuits alleging that GOP legislative leaders violated the federal law and the U.S. Constitution when they enacted the current electoral maps just two years ago in October 2023 . No ruling has yet been handed down in that case, but GOP lawmakers appear to be doubling down, unconcerned about the outcome.   The 1st district is located in northeastern North Carolina. It would be redrawn to include several Republican-leaning counties along the coast, including Hyde, Dare and Pamlico. Other counties including Greene , where Davis lives , would be moved into the 3rd Congressional District, currently represented by Republican Rep. Greg Murphy, meaning Davis would be in a different district and facing an incumbent should he run for re-election.   Black voters make up almost a quarter of North Carolina voters. If maps were drawn fairly, they should have an opportunity to elect at least three members of Congress. But GOP lawmakers seem determined to dilute their votes, claiming partisan, not racial, gerrymandering.   The saddest irony of all is that states led by Democrats, like California, that have instituted independent commissions or made other efforts to prevent partisan gerrymandering are being forced to undermine those efforts in an attempt to counter the shameful and unscrupulous tactics championed by President Trump and instituted by his sycophantic followers in GOP-led states.   Republicans may cling to power, but they are reversing decades-long progress toward a fairer and more equitable nation and destroying the faith in representative government that has made the United States great and powerful.   It is that faith, the freedoms guaranteed by the First Amendment, and faith in the rule of law that give Americans the courage to take risks. It has, for decades, sustained American’s entrepreneurial spirit and willingness to work within the system to right injustices. Once lost, it will be hard to regain.   Joy Franklin is a journalist and writer who served as editorial page editor of the Asheville Citizen-Times for 10 years. Prior to that she served as executive editor of the Times-News in Hendersonville.               .

Oct. 1 dawned with news of another government shutdown as Congress failed to pass a funding bill.    At the heart of this shutdown is a fight over health care subsidies and budget cuts. Democrats want to extend a temporary program that lowered healthcare costs for 20 million Americans, and to unwind the Medicaid cuts passed in the “Big Beautiful Bill.’’   The “Big Beautiful Bill” passed under rescission, meaning it only needed 50 votes in the Senate. The current legislation needed 60 votes, and fell short.   The Democratic argument is based on affordability, a fairly straightforward case in these fraught economic times. The GOP rebuttals were a bit scattershot, from saying the issues could be addressed later to claiming Democrats wanted to pay for health care for undocumented immigrants. Those in the U.S. unlawfully can’t sign up for Medicaid or get subsidized coverage through the Affordable Care Act. And if you think an undocumented immigrant would identify themselves to the government in today’s political climate, we’ve got a secret prison in El Salvador we’d like to sell you.   In the background, Democratic voters are howling for members of their party to stand up against what they view as overreaches of the Trump administration, including spending issues. After all, past budget agreements have been neutered by aggressive new tactics on rescissions, such as yanking back approved spending on USAID and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. The Constitution clearly gives the power of the purse to Congress, not the White House. However, the U.S. House has ceded that authority again and again. It doesn’t help that a number of Supreme Court justices were apparently out sick the day that was covered in law class.   Then, there’s the fact the White House was putting out AI videos featuring Democratic negotiators as Frito Bandito caricatures indicating, to put it politely as possible, a lack of seriousness on any negotiations.   So, the shutdown is here, and no one’s sure when or how it will end. What we do know for sure is that it will deliver real pain.   Democrats are right to fight for the restoration of the health care benefits axed in the “Big Beautiful Bill.” According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, as a result of that bill health care premiums will double for Marketplace enrollees currently receiving assistance via current tax credits; 3.8 million Americans will eventually become uninsured; and middle-class families will get a one-two punch, losing currently available subsidies and seeing premiums rise.   The News & Observer reports the elimination of the aforementioned subsidies, passed during the COVID pandemic, could put coverage in peril for nearly half a million North Carolinians. The “Big Beautiful Bill’’ also proposes SNAP cuts that put food assistance at risk; last year, 1.42 million North Carolinians were on SNAP, a number considerably swollen due to the wrath of Helene in the western part of the state.   The list goes on and on. The 13 National Park Service areas in the state will undoubtedly be impacted, farmers already in crisis can expect less from the USDA, etc. etc. There are, to paraphrase Donald Rumsfeld, known knowns and a ton of unknown unknowns.   This we do know: If you are going to raise obscene amounts of money and spend enormous amounts of time to gain elective office, you might consider doing your job and working through disagreements to help the American people instead of closing up shop and heading to your respective corner to take to the airwaves and TV studios to play the blame game. In a sense Congress has no skin in this game – they aren’t at risk of losing their own health care coverage. For decades we’ve heard that America has the best health care system in the world. But for anyone who has had to wade into the Rube Goldberg-esque system of getting that health care delivered, it’s painfully obvious we can do better, like pretty much every other advanced democracy. Worldwide, for example, medical bankruptcies are relatively rare.    In the U.S., they account for 66.5 percent of all bankruptcies.   Until we elect leaders willing to address why we’re such an aberration, we’ll keep finding ourselves in the position we’re in today.   Ball’s in your court, voters.

A persuasive argument could be made that the President’s Cabinet, Administration, and loyalists in Congress, have compromised their Constitutional oath and prioritized fealty to Trump over the virtues of morality, truth, and decency. It’s an open secret that this emperor has no clothes.   To be a successful president, it's prudent to govern from the center. Conscientious leaders pivot.  They're not attached to being right. They're attached to getting it right and making impactful changes that are in the best interest of all people.  True leadership requires integrity, foresight, empathy and accountability—traits Trump sorely lacks.   Friends, America is swirling in a largely partisan tinderbox. When you peel back the weighty layers of hypocrisy, double standards, selective rage, selective criticism, and yes, selective compassion, it begs the question, “how does this administration best represent America, that shining city on a hill?” A weakened democracy, strained NATO alliances, transactional foreign policy, and stubborn inflation, is alarming. Not to mention an economy that swings like a roller coaster, undergirded by a chaotic trade strategy, punctured by whiplash tariffs.  President Trump’s Executive Orders and policy decisions have rippled throughout the nation wreaking havoc for small businesses, the lifeblood of our economy, federal government workers, contractors, farmers…  For irrational optimists and ad nauseum what aboutists, it’s time to swallow the “Matrix, red pill.”     President Trump’s authoritarian tactics—attacking courts, media, law firms, ivy league schools, political opponents, and casting doubt on the merits of free elections—mirror mob-boss rule. This ain’t Goodfellas!  January 6 amplified abuse of power, as violence was pardoned and justice sidelined to protect rioters while punishing critics. Trump’s divisive rhetoric, destructive economic policy, efforts to undermine science, vaccine skepticism, and climate change attacks threaten America’s public health and wellness.    Political Violence: With the tragic and indefensible murder of Charlie Kirk, the nation desperately needed a unifying message from the President.  He failed to meet the moment, and fomented division by blaming the radical left. The expectation for a unifying message was improbable, given Trump’s own words at Kirk’s Memorial Service show zero tolerance for dissent, “I hate my opponents, and I don’t want the best for them,” I’m sorry, ..“I can’t stand my opponents.”  Words reflect character, thoughts, and values. Commanders in Chief sit at the pinnacle of power. They traditionally use moments of national tragedy to unify the country, as did President Barack Obama following Gabby Giffords shooting, and the mass murder at Emanuel AME church during a Bible study in Charleston, South Carolina. President George W. Bush provided a unifying national response following the 9/11, 2001 terrorist attacks.    Economy : Wheels are off the Trump economic train. This Administration fed us a bowl of watery, insipid gruel.  Tariffs are kicking in. The veil is pulled back. A raft of polls, Pew Research Center, Reuters, Fox, The Economist, and New York Times show that the economy has slowed.   Prices are up for coffee, beef, chocolate, paper products, clothing, electronics, and the sour beat goes on. Trump’s campaign promise of lowering prices has not materialized.  Pain at the point of sale is palpable.  Americans, in a sullen mood, question the lack of economic transparency and slipping prosperity under this administration.  Trump fired the Bureau of Labor Statistics Commissioner after the release of the July 2025 jobs report that was weaker than expected. He claimed, without evidence , that the numbers were "rigged" for political purposes. Trump’s feckless attempt to find a loyalist to fudge or doctor legitimate economic data to present a rosier picture aimed at deceiving voters should backfire, spectacularly.  Free Speech: The theme of this Administration is demeaning, defunding, and excoriating institutions, including the Associated Press, PBS, NPR, 60 minutes-crown jewel of journalism (my enduring favorite), diminishing their ability to freely tell the unbiased truth. It is unconstitutional to weaponize government power to stifle Free Speech, the cornerstone of self-government.  Lord help us, we may be goose stepping into government run media.    The backlash from the Jimmy Kimmel suspension was swift and unrelenting. The entertainment industry and viewers spoke out.  People canceling Disney, ABC and Hulu subscriptions adversely impacted lucrative revenue streams. Power UP with that same level of zeal and fervor for future battles to protect the First Amendment’s free speech guarantee!   Vile Free Speech goes unchallenged when the source is liked by the President.   Fox News host, Brian Kilmeade, said homeless who refuse services should receive an involuntary lethal injection or be killed. Shameful!   Foreign Policy: Trump fueled the fire, using punitive tariffs, for a new and deepening global alignment between US adversaries, Russia, China, India, and North Korea. Major geopolitical shifts are underway that could shape the global order for decades to come. US credibility has been weakened.  India is no longer a counterweight to China. India with its massive population, greater than a billion people, should be pulled back into the diplomatic sphere tout de suite!   Resistance - Power UP!  America's domestic and global reputation has been tarnished under this Administration. A foreboding cloud of smoke and mirrors hovers above the People’s House.   Democracy and morality shutter while Trump brazenly foments division. Free speech is threatened, as independent media face defunding and attacks.  Extremist rhetoric is tolerated, undermining the First Amendment. Trump’s trade policies deepen adversarial alliances and destabilize U.S. credibility.  Keep in mind, the lack of a true electoral mandate underscores the need for active and sustained resistance.  A robust minority vehemently disagrees with Trump’s vision for America. Acts of civil disobedience can shift public opinion. Patriotism trumps Party.   VOTE in the 2026 Midterms and special elections!! Together we will win the battle for Truth, Justice, the American Way, and a Brighter Tomorrow!!    Save-the-Date:  The next “No Kings Day” nationwide protest rally is scheduled for Saturday, October 18, 2025.   “Power UP,” Resistance and sail on the right side of history.  Dante - The hottest places in Hell are reserved for those who, in a time of moral crisis, remain neutral.” Carol Massey-McCants, is a mother, grandmother, and retired Section Chief with the California Department of Health Care Services.  She volunteers as a Community Ambassador with the local police department, and mentors young people on a myriad of subjects, including civics and financial literacy.

The U.S. Constitution was crafted to establish three equal branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial. Drafted nearly 250 years ago, it has steered the nation through countless changes, innovations, and the development of laws that better represent the diverse population of immigrants. Each branch operates independently to prevent the abuse of power and to ensure accountability. The Constitution also guarantees fundamental rights such as freedom of religion, free elections, and free speech. Furthermore, the Second Amendment affirms Americans' right to bear arms, resulting in the United States having the highest private gun ownership in the world. Recently, long-established norms and practices have been called into question and dismantled before our eyes. The U.S. House and Senate frequently align their actions with the demands of the executive branch. Additionally, a surprising Supreme Court decision has indicated that the President is largely immune from prosecution, while also overturning longstanding decisions like abortion and affirmative action. In a further development, thousands of federal employees have faced termination as part of Elon Musk’s unprecedented DOGE initiative. Historically, since World War II, U.S. foreign policy has provided moral and strategic leadership to improve lives not only within America but also across democracies worldwide. The U.S. has built a formidable military to maintain peace through strength, while also striving to care for the less fortunate and promote stability globally by utilizing the recent destruction of USAID, the United States Agency for International Development. The freshly passed “Big Beautiful Bill ” is expected to lead to the loss of Medicaid for millions of Americans over time and may result in the closure of numerous rural hospitals nationwide. Meanwhile, uninsured  poor people, lacking preventive care, will end up in hospitals. An immigration policy aimed at deporting illegal and undocumented individuals involved in criminal activity was a key issue, along with promises of economic growth for voters, which helped propel the President into office.  The “Big Beautiful Bill ” provides funding of $45 billion through FY2029 to the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) for increased capacity in detention facilities to detain adults and families who are non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law). And $6 billion in funding through FY2029 for CBP inspection and surveillance equipment, screenings (including of unaccompanied children), rapid air and marine response capabilities, vetting, and activities to prevent drug trafficking. The implemented tariff policies are generating billions of dollars for the U.S. Treasury; however, this reshaping of global trade has also contributed to higher prices on goods, from electronics to clothing, for American consumers. Declining imports and supply chain disruptions may increase inflation. Overall, while tariffs can protect certain industries, they often come at the cost of higher prices and reduced choices for American consumers in the short to medium term. The dismissal of Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Erika McEntarfer , raises concerns regarding the accuracy of the agency’s future reports on job growth and other labor statistics, potentially prompting investors to question the reliability of future labor data. The move away from renewable energy toward grea ter dependence on fossil fuels—gas, coal, and oil—will impede the country's renewables progress and advantage China, which has emerged as a leader in electric vehicles and renewable energy advancements. Shockingly, the deployment of armed soldiers in Washington D.C., along with plans to station troops in other cities —most governed by Black mayors and Democratic administrations—marks an unprecedented and starkly sickening shift in the federal government’s strategy for urban security. Mark Muro , a senior fellow at Brookings Metro, said Trump’s approach to the nation’s largest cities is “colonial” in that he wants to benefit from their prodigious economic output while suppressing their independence and political clout. This administration is “treating America’s great economic engines as weak and problematic colonial outposts,” Muro said. “They view them as the problem, when (in reality) they are the absolute base of American competitiveness in the battle against China or whoever (else).” What actions can Americans take to protect our democracy and preserve the fragile balance of power that has sustained us for the past 250 years? We begin by reflecting: What kind of country do you aspire to live in, and how can you contribute to building it? Do you imagine a nation rooted in principles such as safety, opportunity, sustainability, and community? Or perhaps you envision a country that promotes equality, environmental stewardship, innovation, or celebrates cultural diversity. So, how can you make that vision a reality? Consider these steps: Stay Informed: Keep up with current issues and policies affecting your community and country. Participate: Vote in elections, join local organizations, or advocate for causes you believe in. Volunteer: Support community projects, charities, or initiatives that align with your values. Engage: Diversify your media sources and talk with others in your state to broaden your perspective. Educate Others: Share knowledge and foster dialogue about important social and environmental issues. Advocate: Protest peacefully to ensure your voice is heard by citizens and elected officials. Join Civic and Advocacy Groups: Get involved with organizations working towards positive change. Attend Town Hall Meetings and Public Forums: Stay connected with local governance. Support Policy Reforms: Advocate for changes like redistricting reform and voting rights. The United States has endured and overcome tremendous challenges—slavery, a civil war, two world wars, Korean conflict, Viet Nam war , wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, economic depressions, presidential assassinations, civil rights struggles, racism, pandemic and more. Americans are resilient, and will persevere through the current challenges, including authoritarian tendencies in the administration. It's crucial to stay engaged and work actively to uphold democracy and resist authoritarian shifts. Get involved and make your voice and vote count! Virgil L. Smith formerly served as president and publisher of the Asheville Citizen-Times and Vice President for Human Resources for the Gannett Company. He is the principal for the Smith Edwards Group and the author of " The Keys to Effective Leadership .” He is the founder and a writer for Carolina Commentary.

North Carolina’s Sen. Thom Tillis demonstrated courage, loyalty and integrity when it comes to honoring campaign promises during the past couple of months. It made Tar Heels who didn’t even vote for him proud.   By defying President Donald Trump and voting against the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” Tillis stood up to the world’s most powerful bully. His decision to vote against the bill came after he spent a fair amount of time on the telephone explaining to the president why he thought its cuts to Medicaid, which the president promised would not be cut when campaigning, were bad for individual states like his own, bad for the country and politically devastating.   Yet Tillis said he didn’t blame the president for the bill. He blamed the president’s “amateur” advisers. It was a remarkable show of loyalty to the president, or more likely to the Republican Party and his fellow lawmakers who have staked their careers and legacies on a successful Trump presidency. Thom Tillis, U.S. Senator, NC   Tillis’s loyalty is admirable. Still, his reasoning is disingenuous. The president chose his advisers and, like any CEO, he is responsible for his choices. More to the point, whatever advice they give him, he is the decider-in-chief. And he, not they, is accountable for his decisions. One of two things is true. Either the president is a pawn of his advisers, or he supported the changes.   Why would Tillis provide him with cover?   If you believe his comments in his July 9 interview with Jake Tapper, it’s not hard to figure out. He’s rarely disagreed with Trump (only his advisers), he said. I have a vested interest in Trump being a successful president, he said. I’m a Republican and I will always be a Republican, he said.   “I’m never going to do anything to undermine my conference and I’m never going to surprise my conference. … I’m not that kind of guy,” Tillis told The Hill .   In late June, Tillis made his opposition to the “One Big Beautiful Bill” known to Trump as Republicans scrambled to secure enough votes to pass the bill. On June 28, the president trashed Tillis on Truth Social and promised to support a primary challenge against him. On June 29, Tillis issued a statement declaring he would not seek reelection. On July 1, he voted against the bill.   “If somebody wants to know why I’m not running, it’s because some bonehead told [Trump] to post something and pretend like that was going to affect me,”  Tillis told Semafor  on July 15, with regard to Trump’s social media attack. “It affected me in a way that said: ‘I’m done with this bullshit.’”   “I look forward to having the pure freedom to call the balls and strikes as I see fit …,” he wrote in the statement announcing his retirement.   As many a person has learned, devoted loyalty can insidiously compromise one’s integrity and that is the conundrum Tillis has found himself in and one he will have to negotiate for the next 18 months. So, what can we expect from our senior senator, who sits on the powerful Finance, Banking, and Judiciary committees, during the remainder of his term?   He’s given us some indication during the past few weeks.   He told Jake Tapper during a July 9 interview with CNN that he regretted voting to confirm Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth. He bowed to pressure from Trump to vote for Hegseth’s confirmation despite his own reservations. He told Tapper that, “With the passing of time, I think it’s clear he’s out of his depth as a manager of a large, complex organization.” The vote to confirm Hegseth was 51-50 with the vice president breaking a tie vote. Had Tillis voted no, Hegseth would not have been confirmed.   Even before the dust up over the “OBBB,” Tillis refused to fall in line behind Trump’s nomination of conservative lawyer Ed Martin for the post of  U.S. attorney for Washington, D.C. Trump appointed Martin to the job on an interim basis in January. Tillis refused to support him for a permanent appointment based on Martin’s support of the Jan. 6 rioters.   “The only real red line that I have … has to do with anyone who condoned the Jan. 6 attack,” Tillis told Semafor July 15. “If you’re coming before any of my committees, and I can deny cloture, you’re never going to get confirmed over the next 18 months. That’s a red line. Jan. 6 is a big red line for me.”   Soon after he was inaugurated, Trump pardoned even those convicted of the Jan. 6 attacks. Tillis opposed the pardons of violent offenders at the time.   Tillis’s refusal to support Martin sank his nomination .   But on July 29, Tillis voted with Republican colleagues to appoint another controversial nominee, former Trump lawyer and top Justice Department official Emil Bove, to a lifetime post on the 3 rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. Tillis supported the nomination even though Bove  accused FBI officials of “insubordination”  because they refused to hand over the names of agents who investigated the Jan. 6 attack and he  ordered the firing  of a group of prosecutors involved in those Jan. 6 criminal cases. Whistleblowers also accused Bove of suggesting the Trump administration might need to ignore a court order blocking deportations, an accusation Bove denied.   On July 15, Tillis called out President Trump during an interview with the hosts of Charlotte’s WBT-FM talk show Good Morning BT for attempting to dismiss as “boring” the actions of Jeffery Epstein, a disgraced billionaire and convicted sex offender whose death, while in jail awaiting trial on sex trafficking charges, has been ruled a suicide.   “I have to disagree with the president,” Tillis said. “I don’t think human trafficking of young teenage girls being exploited by billionaires on a private island is boring.”   He urged the President to honor his campaign promise to release the Justice Department files on Epstein. “Maybe I’m just getting old,” he said. “But I could’ve sworn that we had people campaigning and [saying], ‘If I get elected, we’re going to release the files,’ right? Release the damn files! Get over it!’   He predicted one of two outcomes: “One outcome is that it’s a nothing-burger and people should be embarrassed by making it a something-burger when running for election. The other outcome: It is a something-burger and people should go to prison.”   Tillis has made it clear that he supports the Trump administration’s conservative agenda and wants to work with his Republican colleagues to implement it. He’s also made it clear that he wants Trump’s presidency to be a success.   But he’s put Trump on notice that he won’t be bullied. “I’ve tried to defer to him and show him respect, but I do have a habit of mirroring the behavior that I’m presented with,” he told Semafor.   It seems unlikely that Tillis will be intimidated, but how he will navigate the loyalty vs. integrity conundrum remains to be seen. Either way, it could well have profound implications for him, for his constituents and for the country.   Joy Franklin is a journalist and writer who served as editorial page editor of the Asheville Citizen-Times for 10 years. Prior to that she served as executive editor of the Times-News in Hendersonville.

Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell was recently criticized by President Trump, who described him as “ very dumb, hardheaded .” In keeping with his political style, Trump favors the popularity that comes with easy access to cheap money—low interest rates. It's important to remember that such low rates can encourage imprudent spending and excessive borrowing, as we saw during the subprime mortgage crisis. Trump is intensifying his rants by publicly criticizing the cost of the Fed's headquarters renovation.  Policy analyst Ed Mills, at Raymond James, suggests this may “signal the administration is laying groundwork to justify firing Powell.” If he does, Deutsche Bank says bond and currency markets could collapse. The Federal Reserve monitors statistics—non-farm payrolls reports, consumer price and sentiment indices, employment in public and private sectors, interest rates and lots more to make interest-rate decisions without regard to political party, as reported in a previous  commentary. The Fed has significantly lowered inflation. “This was notably achieved without raising the unemployment rate,” according to Fortune reporter Paolo Confino. “As prices stabilized and the labor market remained strong, the economy (and the markets) were sent into tumult by the sudden shock of Trump’s tariff policies.” The tariffs, an unusual policy move these days, “kept changing regularly—sometimes even on the same day.” This situation introduces uncertainty, which investors typically dislike. As a result, markets tumbled and inflation expectations increased, fueling fears among businesses and consumers. This is detrimental to an economy that was previously performing strongly. The Federal Reserve’s goals are to achieve maximum employment, maintain price stability, and keep inflation around 2 percent; as of June 30, inflation was approximately 2.3 percent. Since consumer spending—covering the purchase of goods and services—accounts for about 70 percent of the U.S. economy, a slowdown can lead to lower interest rates. These reduced rates aim to encourage spending and help revitalize economic growth.            Recently, Trump said, “I’d do a much better job.” Meanwhile, Powell has declined to cut interest rates. The Supreme Court has indicated that the president cannot “summarily dismiss central bankers.” Hence, the White House investigation of the Fed's $2.5 billion headquarters renovation.   The Federal Reserve is an independent government agency whose leadership remains stable regardless of changes in the presidency or Congress. Trump’s recent actions represent another attempt to assert political influence over the Fed’s leadership, continuing a pattern—he thinks presidents should influence the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy.   If ever there were a bad idea, this is it. Interactions between presidents and Federal Reserve officials between 1933 and 2016 reveal how presidential pressure has influenced Fed actions—at the expense of price stability. Nixon got there first, in the 1970s with Fed chairman Arthur Burns. Inflation soared in the 1980s, but it’s more complicated than simply blaming Burns. Even though Nixon pressured Burns, an inflation fighter, who “ let inflation run rampant, ” the financial system at that time was fragile—two big companies and a bank collapsed. Then came supply-side shocks—like the Arab oil embargo of 1973.   This latest salvo at Powell’s leadership, from a president who says he wants more say in setting borrowing costs, could jeopardize Fed independence. One recent study  analyzed President Trump’s tweets about Fed— from his presidential campaign in 2015 to 2021. The study found that tweets had a “measurable impact on financial market expectations of future monetary policy.”  Markets believe the president can influence the monetary policy “in a sizable and persistent way.”   The pressing question is: who will Trump choose to replace Jerome Powell now that he appears to be seeking reasons to oust him?   Betty Joyce Nash reported for the Greensboro News & Record and the Hendersonville Times-News before moving to Virginia where she worked as an economics writer for the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. She co-edited Lock & Load: Armed Fiction , an anthology of literary short stories that probe Americans' complicated relationship to firearms. (University of New Mexico Press, 2017.)

In conservative Henderson County, where voters chose Donald Trump by a 15- percent margin in the 2024 Presidential election, protesters stretched from the new Courthouse on Grove Street all the way downtown to the old Courthouse on Main Street as they marched and chanted “No kings, no Trump!” on Saturday.   “Sh*t Is So Bad, Even the Introverts Are Here,” one protester’s sign read. Other signs ranged from the heartfelt to the humorous. A sign that read, “American Values Under Attack: Free Speech, Rule-of Law, Tolerance, Education, Science, Voting Rights, Social Security, Critical Thinking!” vied for attention with “All of My Outrage Can’t Fit on One Sign” and “Stormy Daniels: The only person Trump hired that was qualified.”    Protesters were loud and strident in their opposition to Trump’s policies, but the march and rally were peaceful, leaving law enforcement with little to do other than to watch and keep the sidewalks clear. With the crowd energized by speakers and protest songs, the rally turned almost celebratory as protesters seemed heartened to connect with so many others outraged by Trump’s stewardship of the presidency. That festive mood took a hit near the end when one of the organizers announced that a Minnesota lawmaker had been killed in a politically motivated shooting and called for a moment of silence.    Saturday, June 14, proved to be one of the most eventful days in recent U.S. history. Tragically, Minnesota state representative Melissa Hortman, a Democrat, died in what appears to be a political assassination, along with her husband,  Mark , who grew up in Raleigh and attended UNC-Chapel Hill. That  terrible news overshadowed both the military parade in Washington celebrating the 250th birthday of the U.S. Army and the full-throated, peaceful nationwide protests as millions demonstrated against President Trump’s immigration and other policies. The march and rally in Hendersonville was one of numerous protests in North Carolina and about 2,000 such events nationwide organized by a coalition of groups that included  Public Citizen ,  Indivisible ,  50501  and the  American Civil Liberties Union . There appear to have been few counter protesters, but one brandished a rifle at the  Salt Lake City protest . A voluntary peacekeeper shot at the man, wounding him and killing a bystander. In another instance, the driver of an SUV struck a woman who was participating in a protest in Riverside, Calif., then sped away.    According to some accounts, the vibe at the parade in Washington honoring the U.S. Army’s 250th birthday turned out to be more of  a U.S. Army history lesson  than the display of military might President Trump seemed to want. By deploying the National Guard and U.S. Marines to California the week before the parade in response to protests against his immigration policies, the president put the nation on edge regarding his willingness to use military might against American citizens exercising their First Amendment rights. The parade in Washington threatened to intensify that concern, but it turned out to be a relatively low-key part of  a day of activities  that included fitness competitions and fireworks. The Army appears to have taken the opportunity to honor its proud history instead of flexing its military muscle. Every American should be proud of that history and grateful for the brave men and women who sacrificed their lives as it was written. It’s a shame the politics of the Trump administration overshadowed that great story for many Americans.   Protesters decried the cost of the parade, estimated to be somewhere between $25 million and $45 million, at a time when the administration is slashing programs that benefit the poor. Organizers of Saturday’s protests intentionally chose not to hold an event in Washington. Protesters marched there anyway.   Lisa Gilbert, president of Public Citizen, told  PBS’s John Yang , “We wanted to make clear that we're not protesting the military. We are instead protesting the administration's authoritarian actions. We didn't want to stand in front of the military parade, but instead have a split screen showing what the president is wasting taxpayer dollars on here in Washington and what everyone, everywhere else in the country is calling for, an America they can believe in, a democracy they trust.”   In sharp contrast to the organizers of the “No Kings” events, who pleaded with participants to protest peacefully, past and present actions and rhetoric by President Trump and members of his administration embolden rather than diminish the level of political violence. The attacks against Melissa Hortman and fellow Minnesota lawmaker John Hoffman and his wife, Yvette, who are expected to survive, were the most recent in a string of violent attacks against lawmakers. Another recent attack occurred on April 13 when the Pennsylvania Governor’s Residence was fire-bombed while Gov. Josh Shapiro, a Democrat, his wife, Lori, and their children and dogs were sleeping upstairs. Fortunately, they were awakened by an officer and evacuated to safety.   Trump, himself, was the victim of an attempted assassination during his presidential campaign. Yet, by pardoning the Jan. 6 rioters, he sanctioned violence against elected officials. By calling Los Angeles protesters “animals” and “a foreign enemy” during  a speech at Fort Bragg  (a speech that was supposed to honor the Army’s 250th Anniversary), President Trump dehumanizes his political adversaries.   It is the reprehensible behavior of a manipulative bully who, in this case, wields enormous power.   Saturday’s protests demonstrate that the most effective way to respond to such a bully is to refuse to be intimidated, to refuse to engage in violence, to stand together and to speak truth to power. It is what we, who cherish our democratic republic, must do, for as long as it takes. Joy Franklin is a journalist and writer who served as editorial page editor of the Asheville Citizen-Times for 10 years. Prior to that she served as executive editor of the Times-News in Hendersonville, N.C. Franklin writes for Carolina Commentary.

It took  exponentially more  effort to research and debunk claims that it did to make them in the first place. And that time and effort could’ve been better used to help people who desperately needed help. In fact, it likely dissuaded some of those folks from even seeking available assistance. What’s the solution to this mess? Well, the easy approach would be to quit listening Lately I’ve been having trouble with leprechauns. It goes beyond the holes I’ve found dug beside the house – holes my friends attribute to groundhogs, a naïve theory if I’ve ever heard one, for I have filled the holes, yet find them open again a day or two later. A groundhog would just move on, so the logical answer is that scheming conniving leprechauns are afoot, as there are other signs. My 401(k) has been taking a beating. I tripped on my doorjamb a few weeks ago and tore off a toenail. These are some of the classic signs of a leprechaun curse – unseen misfortune, loss of wealth, psychological torment, etc. I set out a trap with some old Chuck E. Cheese coins and a box propped up with a stick with string tied around it with a bell on it. At the other end of the string, I watch and wait, sometimes wondering if Lucky Charms or bitcoin would be more appealing bait for the little S.O.B.  When that bell rings I will catch him and hold him by his little ankles and shake all the gold out of him. Then I will turn him over to ICE. Now, my problem is obviously groundhogs, not leprechauns. Thing is, while any sane person would agree leprechauns do not in fact exist, it’s impossible to prove they don’t. As the old saying goes, you can’t prove a negative. Living here in the golden age of internet hoaxes, that’s a real problem, with real consequence. This brings us to . Coined by Italian programmer Alberto Brandolini in 2013, the law states “The amount of energy needed to refute bulls--t is an order of magnitude bigger than that needed to produce it.” Wikipedia offers an example of Brandolini’s law during the COVID pandemic, when a Canadian disinformation journalist was fact checking a YouTube video on the topic, stating the poster "… makes all kinds of different claims. I had to check every single one of them. I had to call relevant experts and talk to them. I had to transcribe those interviews. I had to write a text that is legible and interesting to read. It's madness. It took this guy 15 minutes to make his video, and it took me three days to fact-check." COVID is a good example of Brandolini’s law. Bring up the topic and it’s like a porcupine brandishing a thousand quills of arguments on vaccine effectiveness, how school systems responded, masking or not masking, on and on. You’d think there might be a little more talk that at least 1.2 Americans died in the pandemic, maybe a little more talk of how to respond when the next pandemic rolls around. That does not seem to be the dialogue. Brandolini's law rides again. A more recent example is the devastation Helene left on Western North Carolina and the official response to the disaster. For those not familiar with Helene, it was a truly biblical storm, leaving vast swathes of the mountains without a tree standing, rerouting streams and physically changing the area’s geography in places, not to mention killing dozens of mountain residents. Cleanup and helping those whose lives were disrupted will take years moving forward. The focus on that herculean effort was derailed from the jump as the misinformation machine cranked up to 11. N.C. state Rep. Lindsey Prather, D-Buncombe County told HuffPost, “The biggest issue is rumors and fake memes and photos of people being trapped in areas around the county, and we send folks out to rescue them, and there’s no one there to be rescued.” State Sen. Kevin Corbin, R-Macon, took to Facebook with a plea: “Will you all help STOP this conspiracy theory junk that is floating all over Facebook and the internet about the floods in WNC.” Examples he listed included “FEMA is stealing money from donations, body bags ordered but government has denied, bodies not being buried, government is controlling the weather from Antarctica, government is trying to get lithium from WNC, stacks of bodies left at hospitals, and on and on and on.” True to Brandolini's law, it took an exponential amount of effort to research and debunk claims that it did to make them in the first place. And that time and effort could’ve been better used to help people who desperately needed help. In fact, it likely dissuaded some of those folks from even seeking available assistance. What’s the solution to this mess? Well, from the view in this corner is that the easy approach would be wise to quit listening to people who say leprechauns are responsible for, say, the high price of eggs. It’s also probably wise not to argue with those folks, who have likely made up their mind on the matter and can’t be moved off their position. The hard approach affirms Brandolini’s law – do the work to make sure leprechauns are not in fact manipulating the poultry market. You may not be able to use that research to change the minds of Leprechaun Theory proponents, but at least you’ll affirm you’re not crazy. Perhaps that’s cold comfort but it’s better than nothing. OK, I must sign off now. Heard a bell ring. Jim Buch anan  is an editor of The Sylvia Herald, former Editorial Page Editor for the Asheville Citizen-Times and writes for Carolina Commentary.

As the world navigates the complexities of tariffs, a tool with a mixed history of success, the fundamental tension at play is the ideological clash between globalism and nationalism. We live in an increasingly interconnected global society, bound by technology, migration, trade, and our shared humanity. These contrasting ideologies profoundly shape the political, economic, and social landscapes of nations on every continent . The core difference lies in their priorities. Globalism emphasizes international interconnectedness, advocating for cross-border cooperation, free trade, international organizations, and a shared global community. Proponents believe interdependence benefits all and encourages the exchange of ideas, cultures, and people, viewing multiculturalism as enriching. Historically, the U.S. has largely participated in global economic systems, though recent shifts have occurred. China, while globally engaged, often prioritizes national interests. In contrast, nationalism prioritizes national interests above international cooperation. It emphasizes sovereignty, cultural identity, and self-interest. Nationalists favor protectionist policies to protect domestic industries and jobs, often viewing free trade negatively. The current U.S. administration's focus on "America First" and the implementation of tariffs exemplify this nationalist approach, driven by a belief that other nations are exploiting the U.S. Nationalism often leads to resistance against immigration and multiculturalism, as seen in stricter immigration policies in various countries, including the U.S. While managing immigration is essential, nationalist approaches can sometimes conflict with humane practices and historical values, particularly for nations built on immigration like the U.S. Nationalists also value sovereignty and may oppose international agreements that limit a nation's autonomy. President Trump's tariffs were often framed to protect American industries and jobs from foreign competition. This aligns with a nationalist perspective, prioritizing domestic economic interests over international cooperation. The "America First" rhetoric accompanying the tariffs reinforced this focus on national interests. Globalism, in the economic sense, emphasizes interconnectedness through free trade, open markets, and international institutions. The tariffs, by imposing barriers to trade, directly challenged these principles. They signaled a shift away from multilateral trade agreements and towards bilateral negotiations and a more protectionist stance. This was seen by many as a move to disrupt the existing global economic order. The tariffs triggered retaliatory tariffs from other countries, leading to trade disputes and a less stable global trading environment. This can be seen as a setback for global cooperation and a return to more nationalistic approaches to trade. Supporters of the tariffs argued that they were necessary to reclaim economic sovereignty and prevent other countries from taking advantage of the US. This perspective emphasizes the right of a nation to control its own economic destiny, even if it means diverging from global norms. North Carolina's economy is diverse, with significant manufacturing, agriculture, and service sectors. The impact of the tariffs on the state is varied and depends on specific industries. North Carolina is a major producer of agricultural products, including soybeans, tobacco, and pork. These industries were particularly vulnerable to retaliatory tariffs imposed by countries like China. Farmers faced lower prices for their products, reduced export markets, and financial hardship. The impact on manufacturing is more complex. Since the early 1990s, North Carolina has seen a substantial decline in manufacturing jobs, losing several hundred thousand positions. This decline is attributed to various factors, including automation, globalization, and shifts in the economy toward service-oriented industries. Businesses in North Carolina, like those elsewhere, must adapt to disruptions in global supply chains caused by the tariffs and retaliatory measures. This could lead to increased costs, delays, and uncertainty. The impact of President Trump's tariffs highlighted the interconnectedness of the global economy and the potential for trade policies to have far-reaching consequences, both domestically and internationally. Ultimately, the decisions made by world leaders regarding globalism and nationalism have significant implications for the daily lives of people and global prosperity. Understanding the differences between globalism and nationalism is crucial for comprehending the challenges and opportunities facing economies like North Carolina's in an increasingly interconnected world. World leaders' decisions in this ideological struggle have far-reaching consequences for global prosperity and the lives of individuals. We hope President Trump and his administration have a clear vision for their global and national strategy. His decisions and strategic direction impact us all. Virgil L. Smith formerly served as president and publisher of the Asheville Citizen-Times and Vice President for Human Resources for the Gannett Company. He is the principal for the Smith Edwards Group and the author of " The Keys to Effective Leadership .” He is the founder and a writer for Carolina Commentary.

Pres. Lyndon Johnson signed the 24th Amendment abolishing poll taxes in 1964, saying, “There can now be no one too poor to vote. There is no longer a tax on his rights. The only enemy to voting that we face today is indifference.”   The 24th amendment outlawed poll taxes as unconstitutional in federal elections. New legislation requires in-person documents, evidence of U.S. citizenship, to register—passport, birth certificate, or other citizenship proof .   This burdens the poor and potentially reduces political competition. Ironically, the measure is known as the SAVE Act , Save American Voter Eligibility, yet it’s a voting restriction that possibly stifles American voter eligibility.        Republicans say we need the measure to stop non-citizens from voting. Do non-citizens vote?   Noncitizen voting is rare because only citizens are allowed to vote.   This legislation smells like poll taxes, historically used to suppress competition by keeping groups traditionally allied with certain parties away from the polls—immigrants, blue- or white-collar workers or Black people, poor people, rural people, or city people.   Alliances shape-shift according to circumstances, politics, and events. Such unnecessary “proof” can be expensive and burdensome to procure. Passports cost roughly $195, plus time, money, possibly time off of work, and transportation. A passport card, which can’t be used for international travel, but may serve as a valid ID, and proof of citizenship, costs $30 plus an “execution” fee if applying in person. Such fees especially deprive the poor, often people of color, and immigrants, of the ability to register.   The bill must now pass the U.S. Senate, which hopefully will kill the measure. Here’s another wrinkle: The requirement disproportionally affects women—some 69 million married women may be using a husband’s surname—I kept my birth surname, and now I’m especially glad—because women’s birth certificates, their proof of citizenship, may not match their ID.          Poll taxes historically were intended to raise money for government, but soon those fixed fees for voting—and this new requirement will “tax” potential voters with the expense required to obtain documents like passports—were used to stifle political competition.   Originally simply a “per-head” tax, to fund government, such taxes were ultimately used, memorably and blatantly, to deprive Black people from voting through Reconstruction. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act’s 24th Amendment abolished the taxes as unconstitutional in federal elections.   In 1966 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled states cannot levy a poll tax as a prerequisite for voting in state and local elections. But with the new SAVE Act, which still needs to pass the U.S. Senate, the term poll tax seems to fit.  Voting rights are always being tested, one way or another.           On July 16, 2020, in a Florida case, the Supreme court failed to upend a lower court move that prevented otherwise eligible citizens with felony records from registering to vote if they could not pay old court fees and fines.   We can never take voting rights for granted.      Betty Joyce Nash reported for the Greensboro News & Record and the Hendersonville Times-News before moving to Virginia where she worked as an economics writer for the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. She co-edited Lock & Load: Armed Fiction , an anthology of literary short stories that probe Americans' complicated relationship to firearms. (University of New Mexico Press, 2017.)

President Donald Trump’s funding cuts, freezes, and federal-worker firings may not sink the economy all by themselves, but they’ll affect research and development, investment, and business expansion. The entire economy. Ultimately, this harms U.S. productivity, a measure of efficiency defined as units produced relative to hours worked, or net sales  relative to labor hours.             Illegal layoffs of federal workers, mass deportations, threats and confusion over tariffs, and Medicaid spending cuts are all bad for the economy. Such policies are creating unprecedented levels of economic uncertainty . Uncertainty, all by itself, can seriously threaten the economy, according to economist Josh Bivens of the Economic Policy Institute.             In North Carolina, changes to National Institutes of Health medical research funds could rob the Research Triangle’s economy of hundreds of millions. A U.S. District Court judge has halted, for now, those changes after 22 states sued.             Several Trumponomic policies seem odd coming from the self-proclaimed free-market businessman operating alongside his tech-wizard vice-president. For instance, someone in the administration still believes tariffs—on our largest trading partners—protect jobs instead of scaring consumers and businesses, as partners' retaliatory tariffs raise prices.             Nobel-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz has said, “Virtually all economists think that the impact of the tariffs will be very bad for America and for the world . . . they will almost surely be inflationary.”             Already, the economy’s grumpy, judging by consumer sentiment, inflation-expectation surveys, and stalled business investment, according to recent surveys. Local economies bracing for fiscal support cuts may need tax increases or municipal bond offerings to stabilize budgets, policies that fuel economic uncertainty.             “All the uncertainty around trade policy, uncertainty around some things that the Department of Government Efficiency is doing, I think, will have a chilling effect on investment plans and expansion plans,” economist Michael Strain of the American Enterprise Institute, told the New York Times .              Trump’s tariffs, economists say, will add to inflation and slow economic growth, which hurts workers and productivity. American consumers will pay for his tariffs.             The president’s freezes on federal funding have already hurt domestic farmers who send billions-worth of products through American foreign aid programs. Policies have already begun to affect Head Start programs. The labor market, now at 4 percent unemployment, is also at risk.             Even some Republican legislators worry about economic fallout. “Dozens of Alaskans — potentially over 100 in total — are being fired as part of the Trump administration’s reduction-in-force order for the federal government,” U.S. Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, posted on X. “Many of these abrupt terminations will do more harm than good, stunting opportunities in Alaska and leaving holes in our communities.”             On March 18, a federal judge blocked further cuts, ruling that USAID’s “dismantling” likely violates the constitution. The judge also ordered Trump administration email and computer access be restored to USAID employees.   The State Democracy Defenders Fund filed a lawsuit. This nonprofit’s executive chair, Norm Eisen, calls the judge’s ruling “a milestone in DOGE pushback. “They are performing surgery with a chainsaw instead of a scalpel, harming not just the people USAID serves, but the majority of Americans who count on the stability of our government.”